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Background@#Due to the unavailability of an effective vaccine or antiviral drug against the African swine fever virus (ASFV), rapid diagnosis methods are needed to prevent highly contagious African swine fever. @*Objectives@#The objective of this study was to establish the ladder-shape melting temperature isothermal amplification (LMTIA) assay for the detection of ASFV. @*Methods@#LMTIA primers were designed with the p72 gene of ASFV as the target, and plasmid pUC57 was used to clone the gene. The LMTIA reaction system was optimized with the plasmid as the positive control, and the performance of the LMTIA assay was compared with that of the commercial real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit in terms of sensitivity and detection rate using 200 serum samples. @*Results@#Our results showed that the LMTIA assay could detect the 10 4 dilution of DNA extracted from the positive reference serum sample, which was the same as that of the commercial real-time PCR kit. The coincidence rate between the two assays was 100%. @*Conclusions@#The LMTIA assay had high sensitivity, good detection, and simple operation. Thus, it is suitable for facilitating preliminary and cost-effective surveillance for the prevention and control of ASFV.
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Objective:To address a new classification method in term of the three-dimensional space of orbit and to present the different surgical approaches correspondingly.Methods:In a retrospect study from April of 2015 to June of 2018, 102 patients were performed lower eyelid blepharoplasty, including 20 males and 82 females, aged 21-65 years, with an average of 45.2 years. These patients were divided into five groups, which were described in term of three-dimensional structure of orbit, based on the following points: the presence and extent of herniated orbital fat, the presence of inferior orbitopalpebral sulcus, amount of excess skin, and the skin wrinkles in the lower eyelid. And then patients in different group were treated with different kinds of blepharoplasty. All patients in this study ranged in follow-up from 1 month to 12 months. With patients＇ permit, photographs and clinical information were taken to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative outcome.Results:In type 1, all the 32 cases healed well, no complications such as hematoma, infection and ectropion occurred. During the follow-up of more than 1 months, the overall effect was good, and the pouch-shaped appearance of lower eyelid pouch was significantly improved. In types 2, 8 cases had no complications, and the incision healed well; the patients were followed up for more than 3 months, the lower eyelid bag and lower eyelid skin relaxation were significantly improved, and the lower eyelid skin was tighter than before. In types 3, there were no complications in these 19 cases, and the incision was healed well. The patients were followed up for more than 3 months, the deformity of lower eyelid bag was improved obviously, and no obvious local bulge was found under static and dynamic expression. In type 4, there were no complications in all 34 cases, and the incision healed well; during the follow-up of more than 3 months, the lower eyelid pouch deformity and lower eyelid skin relaxation were greatly improved, except for 1 case with mild bulge (untreated). In type 5, 9 cases had no complications, and the incision healed well; during the follow-up of more than 3 months, the fold of the lower eyelid skin disappeared.Conclusions:Little information is available about classification of lower eyelid bags. And the exact surgical approach remains controversial and largely dependent upon surgeon preference and a patient＇s stated cosmetic desire. In this study, an objective classification based on clinical appearance combined with forming reasons of lower eye bags is little available, and the appropriate surgical approach remains controversial as well.
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Objective@#To seek an accurate and objective method to locate reconstructed auricles and design frameworks with digital technology for microtia patients with craniomaxillofacial asymmetry, improving the symmetry of the postoperative ears.@*Methods@#From September 2014 to February 2016, 50 unilateral microtia patients with craniomaxillofacial asymmetry who were scheduled for auricular reconstruction were included in the study. The digital models of the patients′ ears and heads were based on the scan data preoperatively, which were collected by the three dimensional(3D) photogrammetric scanning technique. The reconstructed auricle was positioned by the mirror image of the contralateral side on the digital models. Based on the location, the morphological parameters and the corrective parameters of the autogenous cartilage frameworks could be obtained. With the guidance of the above information, ear reconstruction with tissue expander could be carried out.@*Results@#Auricular and craniofacial morphology could be reflected vividly by the digital models. Meanwhile, the location and parameters of the reconstructed ear could be acquired. And the outcomes of the 50 reconstructed ears were satisfactory with symmetrical appearance. With 1 to 8 months (average 6.8 months) of follow-up, both the doctors and the patients were satisfied with the postoperative result.@*Conclusions@#Utilizing the location and parameters which were obtained from the digital models based on 3D photogrammetric scanning is an accurate and objective way to gain more symmetrical result in clinical ear reconstruction for microtia patients with craniomaxillofacial asymmetry.
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Objective@#To discuss the strategy for dealing with the failed reconstructed ears.@*Methods@#From January 2010 to January 2015, 14 cases (14 ears) were admitted to our department because of failed reconstructed ears. It was impossible to improve their appearance greatly just by adjusting the original structures. We had to take out the framework and re-reconstruct the ear with autologous costal cartilages. Depending on the conditions of soft tissue, we divided them into three groups: Group 1, 8 ears(57.1%), the soft tissue could be reused simultaneously after being dealt with appropriately although the original frameworks were distorted badly. We took out the original frameworks, harvested cartilages again, fabricated the new frameworks and wrapped them with the original soft tissue. Group 2, 4 ears(28.6%), the structures were damaged completely, just with the constricted scars and skin graft clinging on the mastoid bone. We wrapped the new framework with axial temporal superficial fascia flap and then covered the wound with skin graft; Group 3, 2 ears(14.3%), the structures were distorted seriously. The skin flap covering the framework constricted badly while the post-auricular fascia flap was unspent. We took out the framework, implanted the skin expander under the spread skin flap, and then re-reconstructed the ear with expansion method.@*Results@#13 of 14 cases( 92.9%)were rebuilt successfully. The new ears maintained the landmark subunits 1 month after surgery. In 1 case (7.1%) from group 3, the creased skin had a rupture during skin expansion period. The expander had been taken out, and then a new one was replaced 3 months later. Follow-up period was 3-12 months. The structures of all the 14 rebuilt ears were stable and much better than before.@*Conclusions@#Good results could be achieved when appropriate method was selected for failed reconstructed ear. The condition of soft tissue of distorted reconstructed ear should be considered.
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Objective@#To analyze the clinical features and diagnostic and therapeutic procedure of microtia in Klippel-Feil syndrome(KFS), and to summarize the experiences on diagnosis and treatment of this kind of rare disease to avoid misdiagnosing.@*Methods@#Between May 2014 and July 2015, six patients with microtia were diagnosed with suspected cervical vertebral malformation through physical examination and X-ray. Then they underwent additional examinations to evaluate the degree of deformities and relative risks: pure tone test, chest CT, cervical spine CT, temporal CT, echocardiography and ultrasonic on kidney and ureters. Ear reconstruction was performed with soft tissue skin expander and autogenous rib cartilage framework.@*Results@#The six patients were diagnosed as KFS with microtia, which had different degree of cervical fusion and thoracic vertebral fusion. Some of them had rib deformity, scoliosis, congenital renal malformation and so on. Of 6 patients, scar formation occurred in 1 case after ear reconstruction, whose new ears had good position and appearance at 1 month after stage II. After operation, 6 cases were followed up for 8-20 months (median, 12 months), none of them had nerve injury. Five cases had completed the third stage. All of them were well-healed after one month. Three cases were followed up for 3-11 months, the reconstructed ears had a three-dimensional configuration, and the cranioauricular angle of the reconstructed ears were similar to the opposite ears.@*Conclusions@#The primary step of comprehensive therapy in microtia with KFS is to diagnose definitely. Enhancing perioperative management can reduce surgery-related risks. It is ought to pay attention to nerve injury in a long-term follow-up.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Xueshuantong combined with the conventional treatment and the impact on fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer in the patients at acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Meth-ods:Totally 218 cases of AECOPD inpatients were divided into the observation group and the control group randomly .The control group received the conventional therapy , while the observation group was intravenously treated with 250 mg Xueshuantong lyophilized powder dissolved in 250 ml 10%glucose injection additionally .The treatment course was 14 days.The changes of FEV 1 , FEV1/FVC, FIB and D-dimer in the two groups after the treatment were compared , and then the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated . Results:After the treatment, the levels of FEV1 , FEV1/FVC, FIB and D-dimer in the two groups were significantly improved when compared with those before the treatment , and the changes in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate of the control group was 80.73%, and that of the observation group was 89.91% (P<0.05). Conclusion:Anticoagulant therapy using Xueshuantong on the basis of the conventional therapy can significantly reduce the amount of fibrinogen and D-dimer serum fiber in AECOPD patients , which is helpful to improving the hypercoagulable and fibrinolysis state and the lung function of AECOPD patients .
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OBJECTIVE: To make an useful identification method for the molecule of DNA on 3 herbs of Artemisia genus and compare the differences of the genes of Korean and Chinese species of Artemisia. METHODS: Sequence of 3 herbs (Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb., Artemisia iwayomogi Kitam. and Artemisia capillaris Thunb.) was determined by PCR sequence system. DNA was extracted from rDNA/ITS (internal transcribed spacers) and 5.8 s. The analysis was based on the amplification through DNA sequence system. RESULTS: There were profound differences between the Korean Artemisia and Artemisia sacrorum L. These 2 herbs had a difference in the PCR amplifications of the agarose gel electrophoresis. There was a slight difference in the analysis of the DNA sequence system, and the substitution percentage for ITS gene fragments sequence was 3.96%. CONCLUSION: Analytic identification method on sequence system of ITS in rDNA is effective for these 3 herbs.
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Objective:To evaluate the spiral CT in the diagnosis of esophageal neoplasm by comparing it with conventional CT and barium meal examination.Methods:Spiral CT contrast enhancement scanning and image processing with MPR an d CTVE were performed in 15 cases.A comparison was made between the images of spiral CT and the ones of conventional CT and the images of barium meal examinat ion.Results:① On axial images with spiral CT,all lesions of 15 patients showed almo s t the same pictures as seen with conventional CT.Images clearly showed the posit ion,size,shape of the esophageal neoplasm with local extension and the relation with the adjacent structures as well as lymth node metastases.②MPR could we ll display esophageal structure through different angle and direction.The appea rances of inner wall and lesions on CTVE of esophageal neoplasm were similar to those of fiberaptic endoscopy.③Barium meal examinatiuon was a very effective sc reening method.Conclusion:Compared with conventional CT and barium meal examination,application of spiral CT provides clinicians with more useful informations.
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The diameters and projection area of the articular surfaces, contributed to the formation of the sacroiliac joint, were determined on 50 sets of pelvic bones with image analysing apparatus.By drawing a line connecting the most anterior point of the prominence to the deepest point of the posterior incisure, the articular surface may be divided into a superior and an inferior portions. The inferior portion was larger than the superior portion. Each portion of the articular surface on the ilium is slightly larger than that on the sacrum.In order to explore the relationship between the form of the articular surface and its function in transmitting the gravity of the human body, the stress of the neighbouring area near the anterior margin of the articular surface was determined. Moreover, the bony architecture on the cross section passing through the articular surface was observed. It suggests that the strain in the neighbouring area was in linear equation with the gravity loaded on the spinal column. The strongest stress was determined at the anterior margin of the anterior prominence and the thickness of the cortex lying on the relevant bones appears most obvious at the same sites. These results further improve that the bony architecture was consistent with the strain in bearing the body weight. Besides, the form of the articular surface was also adapted to its function.
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The arteries of the foot in one hundred Chinese adult specimens were dissected and examined. 1. The dorsalis pedis artery was absent in 4%, and it originated from an abnormal origin in 5%, its course and relationship with the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus and deep peroneal nerve were also described. 2. The anterior medial and anterior lateral malleolar arteries originated more commonly at the level of the ankle joint, and sometimes they may originate from the dorsalis pedis artery. 3. The origin and number of the medial tarsal artery were variable, but that of the lateral tarsal artery were more constant. 4. The arcuate artery was present in 35%, but only 17% was typical in form, from which the 2nd-4th dorsal metatarsal arteries were giving off. 5. The sources of the dorsal metatarsal arteries were the most variable. The first dorsal metatarsal arteries which arose from dorsal or plantar aspect were similar in percentages. The 2nd-4th dorsal metatarsal arteries often originated from the plantar aspect, but it was not uncommon that they came equally from dorsal and plantar aspects. 6. The artery of the tarsal sinus was usually present, it may be divided into two categories, namely the proximal and the distal artery, with their distinct origins and courses. 7. The arterial trunks in the sole of the foot were more constant. The posterior tibial artery usually branched into its two main branches near the lower border of the laciniate ligament. 8. The lateral plantar artery was greater than the medial in 82%. And 71% of the plantar arch was formed chiefly by the deep plantar branch of the dorsalis pedis artery. 9. The plantar metatarsal arteries originated usually from the plantar arch, sometimes the neighbouring arteries may have a common trunk. The course of the Ist-3rd plantar metatarsal arteries was constant, but that of the 4th may be variable. Finally, some questions about the arteries of the foot, present in previous literatures, were briefly discussed.